The primary healthcare phc standard treatment guidelines stgs and essential medicines list eml 2014 edition provides a solid foundation, and standardised criteria guiding clinicians in the provision of essential universal phc. The 22nd meeting of the who expert committee on the selection and use of essential medicines took place in geneva, switzerland, from 1 to 5 april 2019. Patents barriers compulsory licensing is a potentially powerful tool that developing nations can use to. The prices should be at generally affordable levels. Natural resources defense council issue paper medicines from the deep 3 executive summary although deep ocean exploration is still in its infancy, many scientists now believe that the deep sea harbors. Wsava list of essential medicines for cats and dogs wsava.
Besides, it also monitors the maximum retail prices of all the drugs and companies are allowed to hike prices of nonscheduled drugs by up to 10% in a year. The national essential medicines list neml is a list of basic medicines that satisfy the health care needs of the majority of the population. According to the policy of this system, primary health care institutions can only stock and use essential medicines on the prescribed list. Who essential medicines list definition of who essential. Dec 26, 2019 the national essential medicines list neml is a list of basic medicines that satisfy the health care needs of the majority of the population. Whos new essential medicines list includes a 40year first. Model list of essential medicines for children, 5th list april 2015 pdf, 60kb. Apr 17, 2020 national list of essential medicines news. Essential medicines are relatively safe and, most importantly, affordable. Essential medicines is a global forwardlooking concept. In 2018, who led at the highest political level in two united nations highlevel meetings on noncommunicable diseases and tuberculosis. A monograph was only considered complete if it gave details of identity, assay and impurities procedures and either a dissolution assay or other dosageformspecific test.
World health organization model list of essential medicines. Foregrounding access to affordable essential medicines article pdf available december 2014 with 817 reads how we measure reads. Thailand national list of essential medicines nlem news. Essential medicines young professionals chronic disease network. National essential medicines list 1 national essential medicines list fourth edition how to use the national essential medicines list this list contains 321 chemical entities within 30 therapeutic groups. Primary healthcare is the cornerstone of our health system and to essential health service delivery. A total of 433 drugs are considered essential for public health needs. Jun 20, 2016 essential medicines are relatively safe and, most importantly, affordable. The who essential medicines list eml is used by many countries to increase access to medicines and guide decisions. Nov 14, 2012 in 2009, china implemented the national essential medicines system by enacting the national essential medicines list 2009. In addition, this list aims to rationalise the procurement of medicines and encourage the rational use of. The patent status of medicines on the who model list of. Patents and the who model list of essential medicines 18th edition.
The updated list adds 30 medicines for adults and 25 for children, and specifies new uses for 9 alreadylisted products, bringing the total to 433 drugs deemed essential for addressing the most important public health needs. In 1975, the twentyeighth world health assembly requested the directorgeneral to assist. Although the first nled was selected in 1981 and first published in 1982 yet it was not officially adopted. Essential medicines policies are crucial to promoting health and achieving sustainable development. Medicines were considered essential if listed on the 20th edition of the world health organizations model list of essential medicines. Essential medicines who model list april 20 explanatory notes the core list presents a list of minimum medicine needs for a basic health. Access to essential medicines report by the secretariat 1. In addition, this list aims to rationalise the procurement of medicines and encourage the rational use of medicines. A case study of chinas health care reform article pdf available in bmc health services research 121. The average percent of public and private medicine outlets in sample areas where a selection of the 14 essential medicines are found on the day of the survey. General anaesthetics and oxygen nitrous oxide inhalation thiopental powder for injection. The availability of a unified essential medicines list eml with evidencebased clinical efficacy to be used by the ministry of health moh for the stateguaranteed package of services is an essential part of the successful launch of the health care reform initiative in ukraine. Essential medicines in the united states n engl j med 374.
Develop methodology to assess the patent status of medicines on the who mlem. The who model lists of essential medicines has been updated every two years since 1977. Who releases 2015 essential medicines list, including hcv drugs. The who model list of essential medicines eml, published by the world health organization. Average availability of 14 selected essential medicines in. Explore national list of essential medicines profile at times of india for photos. The world health organisation has published the new edition of its model list of essential medicines which includes groundbreaking new treatments for hepatitis c, a variety of cancers including breast cancer and leukaemia and multidrug resistant tuberculosis tb, among others. Essential medicines concept careful selection and implementation of a limited list of essential medicines contribute to both access and rational use global and national policy makers and health program managers support the concept of essential medicines the essential medicines concept is a key element of national medicines policies. On essentiality and the world health organizations model.
National essential medicines list and policy practice. The list is frequently used by countries to help develop their own local lists of essential medicine. Who model list of essential medicines 20th edition 20th who model list of essential medicines march 2017 page 2 1. In 1981 the ministry of health formulated a national drug policy ndp based on the concept of essential medicines. This version adds 30 medicines for adults and 25 for children and specifies new uses for nine products. An index at the beginning of the guide lists essential drugs by their inn and their corresponding pages. Below you can find the links to the report, press release and media coverage about the report. A list, first published in 1977 and regularly revised thereafter, of drugs considered more important than the generality of medication and that, ideally, should be accessible to all populations. The who model list of essential medicines eml, published by the world health organization who, contains the medications considered to be most effective and safe to meet the most important needs in a health system.
May 14, 2015 the world health organization has released the 2015 edition of its model list of essential medicines, which includes the newest treatments for hepatitis c virus infection. The who model lists of essential medicines has been updated every two. Medicines and dosage forms are listed in alphabetical order within each section and there is no implication of preference for one form over another. It uses a sectoral political economy framework that. Many of our global colleagues lack access to even essential drugs, such as opioid analgesics. Concept and procedures 38 years of eml 1977 1st model list published, 208 active substances list is revised every two years by who expert committee 2002 revised procedures approved by who eb1098 last revision april 20 contains 374 medicines the first list was a major breakthrough in the history of. The introduction of the first essential medicines list eml by the world health.
Four simple essential medicines policies could save many. An alphabetical index of brand names of drugs is listed at the end of the booklet. Meanwhile, each province can choose to make its own list of supplemented medicines. Essential medicines satisfy priority health needs, should be available. The first component of the ndp to be implemented was the selection of a national list of essential drugs nled. Generate a detailed report for the public on the present 2010 patent status of medicines that were on patent in 2003 and those medicines added to the model list since 2003 by country and level of development.
The 112 documents analysed covered 2434 71% developing or emerging countries and territories classified as low income by the world bank, 4050 80% countries classified as lowermiddle income, 3755 67% countries classified as highermiddle income, and 838 21% developing or emerging countries and territories classified as high income. Whos strategy to improve access to essential medicines is based on the principles of evidencebased selection of a limited range of medicines, efficient procurement, affordable prices, effective distribution systems, and the rational use of medicines. Essential medicines are those that satisfy the priority health care needs of the population. World health organization executive board eb1098 109th session 7 december 2001 provisional agenda item 3. The world health organization who currently defines essential medicines as those that satisfy the priority health care needs of the population 1 and describes the criteria for their selection as disease prevalence and public health relevance, evidence of clinical efficacy and safety, and comparative costs and costeffectiveness. World health organizations essential medicines list from. The move opens the way to improve access to innovative medicines that show clear clinical.
Who essential medicine list, indias national list of. The complementary list presents essential medicines for priority diseases, for. Essential medicines, as defined by the world health organization who, are the medicines that satisfy the priority health care needs of the population. World health organization who essential medicines lists. The essential medicines list needs to be countryspecific addressing the disease burden of the nation and the commonly usedmedicines at primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare levels. The main terms used for dosage forms in the essential medicines list can be found in table 1. Standard treatment guidlines and essential medicines list for. Nemls were assessed for drugs recently recommended as first or secondline treatments for neuropathic pain after a metaanalysis and grading of the evidence. Four simple essential medicines policies could save many lives september 16, 2014 toronto the widespread availability of effective medicines has contributed to an increase in the average global life expectancy during the past century. These are the medications to which people should have access at all times in sufficient amounts. Average availability of 14 selected essential medicines in public and private health facilities definition. Ketamine is safer to administer than other types of anaesthetic agents and pain relief as it does not depress breathing or lower blood pressure and does not require. Thailand national list of essential medicines nlem.
Essential medicines for universal health coverage the lancet. The essential medicines concept is designed to promote the availability, accessibility, affordability, quality, and rational use of medicines that meet public health needs. Four simple essential medicines policies could save many lives. In order to ensure equitable access to life saving drugs, logistics in general should be put in order before specific disease management programmes are initiated. Bold new targets were set for 2022 at the highlevel meeting on tuberculosis. Aug 20, 2012 the essential medicines list needs to be countryspecific addressing the disease burden of the nation and the commonly usedmedicines at primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare levels. Latest and breaking news on national list of essential medicines. Essential medicines young professionals chronic disease. Turing and amedra state on their web sites that theyre engaged in re search, yet neither company lists.
What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page information. The 21st meeting of the who expert committee on the selection and use of essential medicines took place in geneva, switzerland, from 27 to 31 march 2017. No more than 30% oxygen should be used to initiate resuscitation of neonates less than or equal to 32 weeks of gestation. The who essential medicines list eml is used by many countries to increase access to medicines and guide decisions about which products they ensure are. Ensuring essential medicines satisfy priority healthcare. Pdf national essential medicines list and policy practice. Access to essential medicines who update eu global. Resources thailand nlem 2562 announced 17 apr 2019 digital edition. Standard treatment guidlines and essential medicines list. A classification table gives you information about the therapeutic group of essential drugs. Items are chosen as essential medicines based on how common the disease is that is being treated, evidence of benefit, the degree of side effects and the cost compared to other options. The main goal was to safeguard the accessibility and affordability of essential medicines to the malaysian population. The world health organization has released the 2015 edition of its model list of essential medicines, which includes the newest treatments for hepatitis c virus infection.
Who releases 2015 essential medicines list, including hcv. The union government through nppa fixes prices of essential drugs based on simple average of all medicines in a particular therapeutic segment, having sales of more than 1%. Guidelines on the optimal and rational supply of medicines to avoid. Who model list of essential medicines march 2017 public. Hepatitis to the model list of essential drugs 2015, a strong signal that they should be available at reduced price the list consists of two parts. Since 1977, the who has published a model list of essential medicines, with. Access to essential medicines is a major determinant of health outcomes. In 2009, china implemented the national essential medicines system by enacting the national essential medicines list 2009. The national list of essential medicines is a list of medications used in the hospitals and public health services in thailand. Standard treatment guidelines should be consulted for information on appropriate dosage forms. The current versions are the 21 st who essential medicines list eml and the 7 th who essential medicines list for children emlc updated in june 2019 the 2019 expert committee on the selection and use of essential medicines. Essential medicines in the united states why access is.